Blog
AI engineering insights, practical advice, and things I'm learning.
Ai Engineering
How to Reduce LLM API Costs in Production
LLM API costs add up fast in production. Here are the practical strategies that work: prompt caching, model routing, batching, output limits, and cost-per-task tracking.
Llm Costs · Prompt Caching · Ai Engineering
Ai Engineering
LLM Observability: How to Monitor AI Applications
Traditional monitoring doesn't cover LLM applications. Here's what to log, how to trace multi-step chains, and how to detect quality regressions before users do.
Observability · Monitoring · Llm Ops
Ai Engineering
How Function Calling Works in LLMs
Function calling lets LLMs interact with external systems by requesting structured tool executions. Here's how the loop works, how to define tools, and what to watch for across providers.
Function Calling · Tool Use · Llms
Ai Agents
How to Build Stateful AI Agents with OpenAI's Responses API Containers, Skills, and Shell
Learn how to use OpenAI's Responses API with hosted containers, shell, skills, and compaction to build long-running AI agents.
Openai · Responses Api · Ai Agents
Ai Engineering
How to Stream LLM Responses in Your Application
Streaming LLM responses reduces perceived latency and improves UX. Here's how server-sent events work, how to implement streaming with OpenAI and Anthropic, and what to watch for in production.
Streaming · Llms · Server Sent Events
Ai Agents
Multi-Agent Systems Explained: When One Agent Isn't Enough
Multi-agent systems use specialized AI agents working together on complex tasks. Here's how they work, the main architecture patterns, and when they're worth the complexity.
Multi Agent · Ai Agents · Crewai
Prompt Engineering
Prompt Engineering Complete Guide
A complete guide to prompting. Why it's structured thinking, the three components of a good prompt, common mistakes, and advanced techniques like chain of thought and few-shot learning.
Prompt Engineering · Ai · Productivity
Ai Engineering
How to Evaluate AI Output (LLM-as-Judge Explained)
Traditional tests don't work for AI output. Here's how to evaluate quality using LLM-as-judge, automated checks, human review, and continuous evaluation frameworks.
Evaluation · Llm As Judge · Ai Engineering
Ai Engineering
How to Run IBM Granite 4.0 1B Speech for Multilingual Edge ASR and Translation
Learn how to deploy IBM Granite 4.0 1B Speech for fast multilingual ASR and translation on edge devices.
Speech Models · Edge Ai · Multilingual Asr
Ai Agents
AI Agents vs Chatbots: What's the Difference?
Not every AI chatbot is an agent, and not every task needs one. Here's the real distinction between agents and chatbots, the spectrum between them, and when each makes sense.
Ai Agents · Chatbots · Ai Engineering
Ai Engineering
Context Engineering: The Most Important AI Skill in 2026
Context engineering is replacing prompt engineering as the critical AI skill. Learn what it is, why it matters more than prompting, and how to manage state, memory, and information flow in AI systems.
Context Engineering · Prompt Engineering · Rag
Prompt Engineering
Why Prompting Isn't About Magic Words
Prompt cheat sheets and frameworks miss the point. The skill behind good prompting is clear thinking, not secret syntax.
Prompting · Ai · Critical Thinking
Ai Coding
How to Use AI for Code Review
AI catches patterns, style issues, and common bugs fast. It misses business logic and architecture problems. Here's the practical workflow for using AI code review effectively.
Code Review · Ai Coding · Developer Tools
Ai Coding
Stop Over-Planning, Start Building: How AI Changed the Cost of Being Wrong
AI collapsed the cost of building software. That changes how you should think about planning, prototyping, and experimentation.
Ai · Productivity · Prototyping
Career
AI Didn't Make Expertise Optional. It Made It More Valuable
The narrative that AI replaces the need for deep skills is backwards. AI amplifies what you already have. If that's depth, you win. If it's not, you're just building problems faster.
Ai · Career · Expertise
Ai Engineering
How to Choose a Vector Database in 2026
Pinecone, Weaviate, Qdrant, pgvector, or Chroma? Here's how to pick the right vector database for your AI application based on scale, infrastructure, and actual needs.
Vector Database · Embeddings · Rag
Career
Your Experience Is Your Biggest AI Advantage
When AI output looks professional by default, spotting what's actually right becomes the scarce skill. That skill comes from experience.
Career · Ai · Experience
Ai Engineering
GPT vs Claude vs Gemini: Which AI Model Should You Use?
A practical comparison of GPT, Claude, and Gemini. Their real strengths, pricing, context windows, and which model fits which task in 2026.
Gpt · Claude · Gemini
Ai Engineering
AI Agent Frameworks Compared: LangChain vs CrewAI vs LlamaIndex
A practical comparison of the top AI agent frameworks in 2026. When to use LangChain, CrewAI, or LlamaIndex, their strengths, tradeoffs, and what actually works in production.
Langchain · Crewai · Llamaindex
Ai Coding
Best AI Coding Assistants Compared (2026): Cursor vs Copilot vs Windsurf
A practical comparison of Cursor, GitHub Copilot, and Windsurf. Features, pricing, strengths, weaknesses, and which one fits your workflow in 2026.
Coding Assistants · Cursor · Copilot